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Subject: H-ASIA: TOC Pacific Affairs 84.1 March, 2011 Experiencing the
State: Marginalized People & Politics of Development in Contemp. India
> H-ASIA
> March 8 2011
>
> Table of contens: Pacific Affairs 94.1 (March, 2011), Special Issue on
> "Experiencing the State: Marginalized People and the Politics of
> Development in Contemporary India"
>
> ***********************************************************************
> From: "Grant, Carolyn" <cgrant@pacificaffairs.ubc.ca>
>
> Pacific Affairs, Volume 84, No. 1, March 2011
>
> SPECIAL ISSUE
>
> Experiencing the State: Marginalized People and the Politics of
> Development
> in Contemporary India
>
> Guest Editors: Philippa Williams, Bhaskar Vira and Deepta Chopra
>
> ARTICLES
>
> Marginality, Agency and Power: Experiencing the State in Contemporary
> India
> By Philippa Williams, Bhaskar Vira & Deepta Chopra
>
> Spaces of Opportunity: State-Oustee Relations in the Context of
> Conservation-Induced Displacement in Central India By Kim Beazley
>
> Spaces for Negotiation and Mass Action Within the National Rural Health
> Mission: 'Community Monitoring Plus' and People's Organizations in Tribal
> Areas of Maharashtra, India By Brendan Donegan
>
> Questioning Borders: Social Movements, Political Parties and the Creation
> of New States in India By Louise Tillin
>
> Policy Making in India: A Dynamic Process of Statecraft By Deepta Chopra
>
> ABSTRACTS
>
>
> Marginality, Agency and Power: Experiencing the State in Contemporary
> India
>
> Philippa Williams, Bhaskar Vira and Deepta Chopra
>
> The idea of the state has shown remarkable resilience over the last couple
> of decades, despite assaults on it from neoliberal doctrines and the
> forces
> of globalization. During this period, the abiding presence and role of the
> state has been particularly evident in the contemporary political life of
> the Asia Pacific region. This article pays special attention to the
> contemporary Indian state in the context of development. It reflects upon
> the ways in which the state is experienced, by focusing on questions of
> marginality, agency and power as they intersect the politics of
> development.
> By reading the empirical insights documented within this special issue
> against a rich trajectory of scholarship on the Indian state, the article
> argues that there has been a recent qualitative change in the way in which
> the contemporary Congress-led UPA government has presented itself to the
> common person. The implementation of pro-poor and more inclusive policies
> has altered the discursive landscape within which state-society
> interactions
> have taken place over the last five years. Importantly, these policies
> have
> functioned to reconfigure not only the material interactions between the
> state and India's marginalized, but also the imagined spaces within which
> marginal groups renegotiate their relationships with the state.
>
>
> Spaces of Opportunity: State-Oustee Relations in the Context of
> Conservation- Induced Displacement in Central India
>
> Kim Beazley
>
> This article draws from detailed fieldwork on the recent conservation-
> induced displacement of a Maharashtrian village in central India to
> contest the simplicity of conventional treatments of such displacement
> as a straightforward enactment of state power. Reflecting certain broader
> theories of power, agency and the state, the case of Botezari village
> presents a more nuanced reality in which state-society relations were
> transformed and retransformed. In the village's pre-relocation phase, a
> set of conducive factors came together to create a small opening which
> enabled a fundamental reworking of familiar state-oustee power
> relationships. This opening was ultimately short-lived, with spaces of
> oustee opportunity to direct change largely closed off in the post-
> relocation context. However, the villagers? memories of their pre-
> relocation liberating moment, and the strategic capacity, confidence and
> expectations honed in that moment, persisted to an extent that challenges
> the permanency and inevitability of displacement-induced marginalization
> in the conservation setting.
>
>
> Spaces for Negotiation and Mass Action Within the National Rural Health
> Mission: 'Community Monitoring Plus' and People's Organizations in Tribal
> Areas of Maharashtra, India
>
> Brendan Donegan
>
> The first phase of the Community-Based Monitoring of Health Services
> program of the National Rural Health Mission has seen involvement of
> civil society actors at every stage, from the formation of policy in
> Delhi to program implementation in villages across the country. For many
> of the civil society actors involved, the program presents a unique
> opportunity to advance their rights-based agendas from within the
> government system by making creative and innovative use of the spaces
> that the program opens. In the implementation of the program by people's
> organizations in tribal areas of Maharashtra, 'innovations' have been
> introduced that go beyond the scope of the guidelines set in Delhi; these
> have been dubbed 'community monitoring plus.'
>
> Drawing upon actor-network theory and recent work in the anthropology of
> development, this paper explores the dynamics, achievements and tensions
> of 'community monitoring plus' through a narrative that travels the
> length of the policy process. The analysis describes how categories such
> as 'state,' 'civil society' and 'community' are constructed within spaces
> of policy and practice, and examines the crucial enabling role that such
> constructions play in the policy process. The necessity of such
> constructions leads to a disconnect between policy making and
> implementation, so that policy makers remain ignorant of the realities of
> implementation practice and subordinate actors can carve out spaces for
> carrying out their own agendas around and againstthe policy framework. The
> implications of the analysis extend beyond the case study, as the
> dynamics described are also features of policy processes elsewhere.
>
>
> Questioning Borders: Social Movements, Political Parties and the Creation
> of
> New States in India
>
> Louise Tillin
>
> As the world's largest multi-ethnic democracy, India has a federal
> constitution that is well-equipped with administrative devices that offer
> apparent recognition and measures of self-governance to territorially
> concentrated ethnic groups. This article analyzes how demands for
> political autonomy--or statehood--within the federal system have been used
> as a frame for social movement mobilization. It focuses on the most recent
> states to have been created in India: Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and
> Uttarakhand, which came into being in 2000. These are the first states to
> have been created in India on a non-linguistic basis. Their creation has
> triggered questions about whether the creation of more, smaller states can
> improve political representation and help to make the state more
> responsive to diverse needs in India. This article draws attention to the
> processes which have brought borders into question, drawing social
> movements and political parties into alignment about the idea of creating
> new states. It ultimately looks at why the creation of states as a result
> of such processes may not lead to more substantive forms of political and
> economic citizenship on the part of marginalized communities. While the
> focus of the analysis will be on the processes that led up to statehood,
> the conclusions offer some insights into why pro-poor policy shifts at the
> national level in India have uneven regional effects. Despite the change
> in national political regime in India with the election of the
> Congress-led United Progressive Alliance in 2004, marginalized groups in
> India continue to experience the state through the refractive lens of
> multiple regional political histories.
>
>
> Policy Making in India: A Dynamic Process of Statecraft
>
> Deepta Chopra
>
> This paper problematizes the concept of the state by studying its role and
> interactions with society in the realm of making policy. To achieve this,
> the case of a recently formulated social policy in India, the National
> Rural
> Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA), is examined. The paper provides
> empirical
> evidence of policy making as a complex and iterative process, which is
> mediated by a multiplicity of actors who operate in relation to each
> other.
> In tracing the formulation process of the NREGA, theoretical claims
> regarding the understanding of the state as an ideological construct as
> well
> as comprising of material practices are substantiated. The paper sees
> policy
> making as an act of governing, and contributes to ethnographic
> understandings of fuzzy and porous boundaries between the state and
> society
> that are redefined through the act of policy making. This dynamism, it is
> argued, results in the two-dimensional phenomenon of statecraft: how the
> state pursues policy making as a strategy for governing its population,
> and
> in turn, how the state itself gets reconstituted in the making of policy.
>
> CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS ISSUE
>
> Philippa Williams is a research fellow at the Centre of South Asian
> Studies,
> University of Cambridge. Her research interests involve contemporary
> India,
> in particular the politics of development, violence and non-violence and
> Hindu-Muslim relations. She is currently preparing a book manuscript on
> The
> politics of everyday peace in north India. Email: pjw61@cam.ac.uk
> <mailto:pjw61@cam.ac.uk>
>
> Bhaskar Vira is a university senior lecturer at the Department of
> Geography,
> University of Cambridge, and a Fellow of Fitzwilliam College. His research
> focuses on the changing dynamics of development in contemporary India, as
> well as the social and political dimensions of development and change.
> Email: bv101@cam.ac.uk <mailto:bv101@cam.ac.uk>
>
> Kim Beazley has just completed her PhD in the Department of Geography at
> the
> University of Cambridge. She is interested in the political ecology of
> development, and in particular the politics of conservation-induced
> displacement in India.
> Email: krb28@cam.ac.uk <mailto:krb28@cam.ac.uk>
>
> Brendan Donegan is a doctoral candidate in Social Anthropology at the
> School
> of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) at the University of London. Email:
> brendandonegan@hotmail.com <mailto:brendandonegan@hotmail.com>
>
> Louise Tillin is a Joyce Lambert Research Fellow in Politics at Newnham
> College, University of Cambridge. The research on which this article is
> based was funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), for
> which the author is grateful. Email: lt213@cam.ac.uk
> <mailto:lt213@cam.ac.uk>
>
> Deepta Chopra is a research fellow at the Institute of Development
> Studies,
> University of Sussex. Her research interests involve state-society
> relations
> and policy processes in South Asia, especially concerning rights-based and
> social protection policies. Dr. Chopra is currently preparing a book
> manuscript titled The politics of social policy in India. Email:
> d.chopra@ids.ac.uk <mailto:d.chopra@ids.ac.uk>
>
>
> BOOKS REVIEWED IN THIS ISSUE
>
> Note: Book Reviews with an e (electronic) designation can be found on the
> Pacific
> Affairs website: www.pacificaffairs.ubc.ca or in the electronic edition of
> the issue.
>
> Asia General
>
> From Asian to Global Financial Crisis: An Asian Regulator?s View of
> Unfettered
> Finance in the 1990s and 2000s. By Andrew Sheng. Reviewed by Cyn-Young
> Park
> 109
>
> Economic Meltdown And Geopolitical Stability. Edited by Ashley J. Tellis,
> Andrew Marble and Travis Tanner. Reviewed by Pascale Massot 111
>
> American Sanctions in the Asia-Pacific. By Brendan Taylor. Reviewed by Ted
> Galen Carpenter 112
>
> Geopolitics and Maritime Territorial Disputes in East Asia. By Ralf
> Emmers.
> Reviewed by Cheng Guan Ang 114
>
> Words In Motion: Toward a Global Lexicon. Edited by Carol Gluck and Anna
> Lowenhaupt Tsing. Reviewed by Arif Dirlik 116
>
> China and India: Prospects for Peace. By Jonathan Holslag. Reviewed by
> David
> A. Rosenberg 117
>
> The Rise of China and India: A New Asian Drama. Edited by Lam Peng Er and
> Lim Tai Wei. Reviewed by Hong Zhao 119
>
> Political Booms: Local Money and Power in Taiwan, East China, Thailand,
> and
> the Philippines. By Lynn T. White. Reviewed by Netina Tan 121
>
> Politics and Change In Singapore and Hong Kong: Containing Contention. By
> Stephan Ortmann. Reviewed by M. Ramesh 123
>
> Gendered Trajectories: Women, Work, and Social Change in Japan and Taiwan.
> By Wei-hsin Yu. Reviewed by Glenda S. Roberts 124
>
> Photographies East: The Camera and Its Histories in East and Southeast
> Asia.
> Edited by Rosalind C. Morris. Reviewed by Hyung-Gu Lynn 126
>
> Decentralization Policies In Asian Development. Editors: Shinichi
> Ichimura,
> Roy Bahl. Reviewed by Hal Hill e-1
>
> New Dimensions of Economic Globalization: Surge of Outward Foreign Direct
> Investment from Asia. Editors: Ramkishen S. Rajan, Rajiv Kumar, Nicola
> Virgill. Reviewed by Peter J. Buckley e-3
>
> China and Inner Asia
>
> The Mind of Empire: China?s History and Modern Foreign Relations. By
> Christopher A. Ford. Reviewed by John E. Wills, Jr. 129
>
> Negotiating Asymmetry: China?s Place in Asia. Edited by Anthony Reid,
> Zheng
> Yangwen. Reviewed by Xiaorong Han 130
>
> Management Training and Development In China: Educating Managers in a
> Globalized Economy. Edited by Malcolm Warner and Keith Goodall. Reviewed
> by
> Ilan Alon 132
>
> Chen Village: Revolution to Globalization. By Anita Chan, Richard Madsen
> and
> Jonathan Unger. Reviewed by Graham Johnson 133
>
> Oil in China: From Self-Reliance to Internationalization. Series on
> Contemporary China, V. 18. By Lim Tai Wei. Reviewed by Jianhai Bi 135
>
> Oil and Gas in China: The New Energy Superpower?s Relations With its
> Region.
> By Lim Tai Wei. Reviewed by Jianhai Bi 135
>
> State?s Gains, Labor?s Losses: China, France, and Mexico Choose Global
> Liaisons,
> 1980-2000. By Dorothy J. Solinger. Reviewed by David Zweig 138
>
> Communist Multiculturalism: Ethnic Revival in Southwest China. By Susan K.
> McCarthy. Reviewed by Janet Sturgeon 139
>
> Collective Resistance in China: Why Popular Protests Succeed or Fail. By
> Yongshun Cai. Reviewed by Neil Diamant 141
>
> Tiananmen Moon: Inside the Chinese Student Uprising of 1989. By Philip J.
> Cunningham. Reviewed by Bob Nixon 143
>
> A Foreign Missionary on the Long March: The Memoirs of Arnolis Hayman of
> the
> China Inland Mission. By Arnolis Hayman; edited with an Introduction by
> Anne-Marie Brady. Reviewed by John S. Conway 145
>
> La R?volution Fourvoy?e: Parcours dans la Chine du XXe Si?cle. By Lucien
> Bianco.
> Reviewed by Rene Goldman 146
>
> Voices in Revolution: Poetry and the Auditory Imagination in Modern China.
> By John A. Crespi. Reviewed by Lucas Klein 148
>
> Once Iron Girls: Essays on Gender by Post-Mao Chinese Literary Women.
> Edited
> by Hui Wu. Reviewed by Norman Smith 150
>
> Women Journalists and Feminism in China, 1898-1937. By Yuxin Ma. Reviewed
> by
> Stephen R. MacKinnon 152
>
> Cinema, Space, and Polylocality in a Globalizing China. By Yingjin Zhang.
> Reviewed by Jason McGrath 154
>
> The Birth of a Republic: Francis Stafford?s Photographs of China?s 1911
> Revolution and Beyond. Edited by Hanchao Lu. Reviewed by Wenhsin Yeh 155
>
> Red Lights: The Lives of Sex Workers in Postsocialist China. By Tiantian
> Zheng. Sophia Woodman e-4
>
> Developing China: Land, Politics and Social Conditions. By George C.S.
> Lin.
> Reviewed by Wei Xu e-6
>
> Northeast Asia
>
> Conflict and Change: Foreign Ownership and the Japanese Firm. By George
> Olcott. Reviewed by Hendrik Meyer-Ohle 158
>
> Changes in Japanese Employment Practices: Beyond the Japanese Model. By
> Arjan B. Keizer. Reviewed by Ellen Fuller 159
>
> Challenges to Japanese Education: Economics, Reform, and Human Rights.
> Edited by June A. Gordon, Hidenori Fujita, Takehiko Kariya and Gerald
> LeTendre. Reviewed by Ryota Nishino 161
>
> The Transformation of the Japanese Left: From Old Socialists to New
> Democrats.
> By Sarah Hyde. Reviewed by Aurelia George Mulgan 163
>
> Japan?s Remilitarisation. By Christopher W. Hughes. Reviewed by You Ji 165
>
> The Ideology of Kokugo: Nationalizing Language in Modern Japan. By Lee
> Yeounsuk; translated by Maki Hirano Hubbard. Reviewed by Wesley Jacobsen
> 166
>
> Making Japanese Heritage. Edited by Christoph Brumann and Rupert Cox.
> Reviewed by Etsuko Kato 168
>
> Women?s Rights?: The Politics of Eugenic Abortion in Modern Japan. By
> Masae
> Kato. Reviewed by Sabine Fr?hst?ck 170
>
> The Comfort Women: Sexual Violence and Postcolonial Memory in Korea and
> Japan.
> By C. Sarah Soh. Reviewed by Seungsook Moon 172
>
> Perversion and Modern Japan: Psychoanalysis, Literature, Culture. Edited
> by
> Nina Cornyetz and J. Keith Vincent. Reviewed by Nicola Liscutin 174
>
> South Koreans in the Debt Crisis: The Creation of a Neoliberal Welfare
> Society. By Jesook Song. Reviewed by William Hayes 176
> Born again: Evangelicalism in Korea. By Timothy S. Lee. Reviewd by
> Motokazu
> Matsutani 178
>
> Questioning Minds: Short Stories by Modern Korean Women Writers.
> Translated
> with an Introduction by Yung-Hee Kim. Reviewed by Ann Y. Choi 179
>
> North Korea Caught in Time: Images of War and Reconstruction. By Chris
> Springer; with an essay by Balazs Szalontai. Reviewed by Hee-Jeong Sohn
> 181
>
> The Hidden People of North Korea: Everyday Life in the Hermit Kingdom. By
> Ralph Hassig and Kongdan Oh. Reviewed by Andrei Lankov 182
>
> The Art of the Gut: Manhood, Power, and Ethics in Japanese Politics. By
> Robin M. LeBlanc. Reviewed by Scott North e-8
>
> The Rise of the Japanese NGOs: Activism from Above. Routledge Contemporary
> Series, 28. By Kim D. Reimann. Reviewed by Keiko Hirata e-10
>
> South Asia
>
> Inclusion and Exclusion in Local Governance: Field Studies from Rural
> India.
> Edited by B.S. Baviskar and George Mathew. Reviewed by Subrata K. Mitra
> 185
>
> Indian Youth in a Transforming World: Attitudes and Perceptions. Edited by
> Peter Ronald deSouza, Sanjay Kumar, Sandeep Shastri. Reviewed by Craig
> Jeffrey 186
>
> Crooked Stalks: Cultivating Virtue in South India. By Anand Pandian.
> Reviewed by Annu Jalais 188
>
> India and the United States in the 21st Century: Reinventing Partnership.
> By
> Teresita C. Schaffer. Reviewed by William L. Richter 190
>
> The Maoist Insurgency in Nepal: Revolution in the Twenty-first Century.
> Edited by Mahendra Lawoti and Anup K. Pahari. Reviewed by Mallika Shakya
> 191
>
> Global Power: India?s Foreign Policy, 1947-2006. By B.M. Jain. Reviewed by
> Vernon M. Hewitt e-12
>
> The Partition of India. By Ian Talbot and Gurharpal Singh. Reviewed by
> Farzana Shaikh e-14
>
> Southeast Asia
>
> Southeast Asia and the Vietnam War. By Ang Cheng Guan. Reviewed by Yuen
> Foong Khong 194
>
> RAND in Southeast Asia: A History of the Vietnam War. By Mai V. Elliott.
> Reviewed by Michael E. Latham 195
>
> Things Fall Away: Philippine Historical Experience and the Makings of
> Globalization.
> By Neferti X.M. Tadiar. Reviewed by Francis A. Gealogo 197
>
> Multiethnic Malaysia: Past, Present and Future. Edited by Lim Teck Gee,
> Alberto Gomes, Azly Rahman. Reviewed by Clarissa Lee 199
>
> Economic Crises and the Breakdown of Authoritarian Regimes: Indonesia and
> Malaysia in Comparative Perspective. By Thomas B. Pepinsky. Reviewed by
> Richard Robison 201
>
> Workers and Intellectuals: NGOs, Trade Unions and the Indonesian Labour
> Movement. By Michele Ford. Reviewed by Olle T?rnquist 203
>
> Reconciling Indonesia: Grassroots agency for peace. Edited by Birgit
> Br?uchler. Reviewed by Thushara Dibley 205
>
> Anwar on Trial: In the Face of Injustice. By Pawancheek Marican. Reviewed
> by
> Johan Saravanamuttu e-16
>
> ?If You Leave Us Here, We Will Die?: How Genocide Was Stopped in East
> Timor.
> By Geoffrey Robinson. Reviewed by Joseph Nevins e-18
>
> Australasia and the Pacific Region
>
> The Warm Winds of Change: Globalisation in Contemporary S?moa. By Cluny
> Macpherson and La?avasa Macpherson. Reviewed by Ilana Gershon 207
>
> Aphrodite?s Island: The European Discovery of Tahiti. By Anne Salmond.
> Reviewed by Kareva Mateata-Allain 208
>
> Suffering and Sentiment: Exploring the Vicissitudes of Experience and Pain
> in Yap.
> By C. Jason Throop. Reviewed by Glenn Petersen 210
>
> A Papuan Plutocracy: Ranked Exchange on Rossel Island. By John Liep.
> Reviewed by John Barker 212
>
> Society of Others: Kinship and Mourning in a West Papuan Place. By Rupert
> Stasch. Reviewed by Naomi McPherson e-21
>
> The 2006 Military Takeover in Fiji: A Coup to End All Coups?. Edited by
> Jon
> Fraenkel, Stewart Firth and Brij V. Lal. Reviewed by Dominik Schieder e-23
>
>
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